What is IP Address? What is DNS?

For one computer to connect to another computer and transfer information, the IP address of that computer should be known. This IP Address is made of numbers. The 32 Bit IP address is divided into 4 sections of 8 bits each separted by a ‘.’ (dot). Each 8 bit is called an Octet. The value of each Octet will vary between 0 to 255.

For example, 203.116.56.34 is an IP address. As you can see there are four sections each separated by a dot.

Name Vs Number

If someone asks you whose phone number is 98343453 you may not know it. But instead if someone asks you whether you know ‘John peters’ immediately you will remember your friend. The reason is names are easier to remember than numbers. This is human nature.

In internet, there is a need to connect to a lot of different computers daily. If you have to remember the IP address of each computer in the internet, it is impossible. Because IP Address is made of numbers.

That’s why, computer scientists decided to give a name to each of these IP addresses. These computer names that represent IP addresses are called ‘Domain Names’. For example, www.yahoo.com is a domain name. It is easy to remember a name. Isn’t it?

Every computer that connects to the internet has a unique IP Address. Most of the computers especially servers will have a domain name.

DNS – Domain Name System

If you need to connect to a computer in the internet, you can use the IP address of that computer or the Domain Name of that computer.

But the computers need just the IP addresses. For our own convenience we use domain names. Therefore when we use the domain name, for example www.yahoo.com, our computer will first find out the IP address of this domain name and then uses the IP address to connect to it.

Let us assume that the IP address of the computer that you want to connect to is 123.232.231.132 and the domain name of this computer is www.xyz.com .

Now you connect to Internet, open your browser and key in the IP address 123.232.231.132 in the address bar and ‘Enter’. The browser will immediately connect to the computer because the computer knows how to use the IP address.

Now imagine that you typed the domain name www.xyz.com instead of the IP address in the browser. What the computer needs is the IP address not the domain name. Therefore the browser will try to find the IP address for the domain www.xyz.com . For this purpose it will contact the DNS (Domain Name System) server. The DNS server will find the IP address of that domain and will return the IP address to your browser. Then your computer will use that IP address to connect to that computer.

If you type the IP address, the browser will access that site immediately. If you type the domain name, there will be slight delay because the browser has to connect to DNS server first to determine the IP address. If for some reasons this DNS server is down or there is not DNS entry for that domain, then that domain name or website address will not be accessible.

Shortcut keys in MS Word

CTRL+B : To make the words bold. 
CTRL+I : To italicize the words 
CTRL+U: To underline the words 
CTRL+DEL: To delete the word on the right of the cursor 
CTRL+BACKSPACE:  To delete the word on the left of the cursor  
CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR: To create equal spacing.  
CTRL+C:  To copy the selected text   
CTRL+X:  To cut the selected text  
CTRL+V:  To paste the copied or cut text.  
CTRL+ALT+V:  To paste special   
CTRL+SHIFT+< : To reduce the font size  
CTRL+SHIFT+>: To increase the font size  
CTRL+[ : To reduce the font size 
CTRL+]:  To increase the font size  
CTRL+HYPHEN:  To create continuous hiphen  
CTRL+SPACEBAR: To remove paragraph or character formatting  
CTRL+SHIFT+V: To paste the previously used format  
CTRL+Z : To undo the last action  
CTRL+Y:  To redo the last action that was undone.  
CTRL+SHIFT+G: To bring the word count dialog box.  
CTRL+L:  To align text to the left  
CTRL+E:  To centralize the text  
CTRL+R: To alogin the text to the right of the screen.  
CTRL+M:  To make the paragraph or the selected text in the margin. 
CTRL+1:  To make the spacing between lines as 1  
CTRL+5:  To make the spacing between lines as 1.5  
CTRL+2:  To make the spacing between lines as double  
F7: :  To check spelling and grammer  
SHIFT+F7 : : To show thesaurus options  
CTRL+SPACE : To enable/disable auto correct  
CTRL+SHIFT+8:  To show/hide hidden characters.

Download free Desktop Security software

When you are not near your computer other people can enter and read your files in your computer. They may edit them or even delete them. They can read you emails. They can format your hard disk. They can do anything they want with your computer.

In an office environment, this type of computer sabotage is possible. There are many software and applications related to ‘Desktop Security’. If you install a ‘Desktop security’ application in your computer, then you can prevent others from using your computer. If you require you can give permissions for a few.

Here are some of the desktop security software that you can use:

1. Access Denied
   Users of Windows 95/98/ME can use this application. You can install it and be sure that your computer is safe from strangers. When you boot your computer, it will prompt for the username and password. So only you can login to the computer.
   With ‘Access Denied’ you can give a unique username, passwords to your friends to access your computer. Later you can see the log file and see the time logged in and logged out by these users. So you will know exactly who used your computer.
   Another feature in Access Denied software is to block the F4 and F8 keys while the computer is booting. You can do this by choosing ‘Security->No Book Keys’ option.
   Another feature in Access Denied is the ‘Screen Guard’. This ‘Screen Guard’ feature is very handy. You can configure ‘mouse click’ or ‘hot key’ to hide the desktop whenever you want. If anybody tries to access, it will prompt for the username and password.
   Access Denied will also deny booting from floppy or CD.
   You can download ‘Access Denied’ fromhttp://www.johnru.com/accessdenied
2. Lock Out Desktop Security
   Lockout Desktop Security can be used to create policies and permissions for groups and users. You can block access to certain applications. You can block access to CD Drive. You can specify time period when people can access and when they cannot.
   You can download Lockout Desktop security software fromhttp://www.soft32.com/
3. Desktop Lock
   You can download Desktop lock fromhttp://www.toplang.com/desktoplock.htm
   Like other Desktop security applications desktop lock allows you to prevent access to specific applications, documents etc.
4. Mouse Trap
   To lock the desktop and to allow access only by logging in using username/password you can use the ‘Mouse Trap’ application. Mouse Trap also prevents the use of ‘Ctrl+Alt+Del’ and ‘Alt+Tab’ and any other system keys. You can download Mouse Trap from http://www.hotwww.com/
5. Boot Locker
   You can download Boot Locker from http://www.bootlocker.com/bl . You can use boot locker to create many users and groups. You can use this to disable and change password compulsary at frequent intervals.
   To find the latest available free desktop security software search google with the following search term http://www.google.com/search?q=%22desktop+security%22+download

Use Password protected ‘Screen Saver’ to increase security

You can give a password to your screen saver and make it active whenever your computer boots up. Those who do not know the password cannot enter your computer. Let us see how you can protect your computer from unwanted users accessing your computer.

To create Screen Save with Password

Right click on the blank space of your desktop and select ‘Properties’. In the new dialog box, click on the ‘Screen Saver’ tab. Select any screen saver of your choice. For example let us assume you chose ’3D Flying Objects’.

Now click on the ‘Password Protected’ check box and select it. Then click on the ‘Change’ button. In the new dialog box that opens key in your password.The effectiveness of the protection depends on your password, therefore select a password that is not easy to guess but is easy for you to remember. It is better to keep a password lengthy. Confirm your password by typing again and click on the ‘OK’ button.

You will see the ‘The password has been successfully changed’ information. Click ‘OK’ and close that box. Then finally click on the ‘OK’ button and close the ‘Properties’ dialog box.

To bring the Screen save shortcut to the desktop

The screen saver will only take effect only when your computer is idle for a specified time without any activity. What if you leave your computer and before the screen saver takes effect somebody else stars using your computer. To prevent this from happening you can create a shortcut to your screen saver and activate it whenever you leave your computer.

To create shortcut to the screen saver in the desktopn right click on the blank space of your computer and click ‘New Shortcut’. You will now see the ‘Create Shortcut’ dialog box, click on ‘Browse’ button and select teh screen saver execution file which can be found at c:/windows/system folder. In the ‘File of type’ drop down list choose ‘All Files’. Now in the list of files, scroll and look for the screen saver file (for eg. 3d flying objects) and double click on it. Then click on the ‘Next’ button then give a suitable name for your shortcut and then click on ‘Finish’ button.

Now the shorcut is visible on the shortcut. Whenever you leave your computer just double click this screen saver shortcut and activate your screen saver. Now if anyone wants to use it, when they move the mouse or click any button on the keyboard, the screen saver will prompt for the password. Since he will not know your password he cannot enter your computer.

To add screen saver shortcut to the windows ‘startup folder’

You may know that the programs inside the starup folder will automatically start when you boot your computer. Now you should bring the desktop screen saver shortcut to this startup folder. The reason is, after you shut down your computer if someone tries to start your computer without your knowledge then the screen saver will automatically prompt for the password.

Start your Windows Explorer. Choose the C:/windows folder and look for the ‘Desktop’ folder. Inside this desktop folder look for the short cut that you created. If the files are not visible then click on the ‘View-Folder Options’ menu, select the ‘View’ tab and select ‘Show all files’ option and click ‘OK’ button. In the file list selct the ’3dfo’ shortcut and copy it (Ctrl + C).

Now goto the Windows/startmenu/programs/startup folder. Now paste it here (Ctrl + V). Now close the windows explorer.

From now on when you boot your computer the screen saver will be activated and prompt for the password. Only if you key in the right password you can enter your computer.

If your friend is a bit clever then he may start your computer in ‘Safe Mode’ and enter your computer. Because in ‘Safe Mode’ it will not prompt for password. Then he can goto the start programs startup folder and delete the screen saver shortcut from that folder.

Now your screen saver will not be active anymore. So bringing the screen saver to start up folder is not a fool proof method. But not many people will go to that extent of starting in safe mode and then deleting the screen saver shotcurt. So you can still use this method.

How to remove hijack virus?

You may have read news about planes being hijacked. For example a passenger plane which is supposed to go to London may be hijacked by terrorists and flown to Turkey. The hijack virus does just that. If you key in a website address in your browser’s address bar and press ‘Enter’ then instead of going to that website the browser may open some other website such as an adult website or an advertisement website or a search engine website. If this happens in your computer then your browser has been infected by a hijack virus.

Why does this happen, you may wonder? This means a hijack virus has entered your computer without your knowledge and is working at its will. You can remove hijack virus and prevent it from happening using some software.

Process Guard is one such software. Just search for this software athttp://www.download.com/ and install it in your computer. This program will guard your computer against these hijack viruses

What is ‘Safe Mode’ booting?

While your computing is booting, you can instruct the computer to boot in ‘safe mode’. Safe mode refers to secure mode. You may then ask, is our computer not secure when we boot normally. Let us see how is safe mode more secure than the normal booting.

When your computer gives problems and you want to identify where is the problem, then you can use the safe mode for this. In safe mode, only limited number of driver programs are enabled. Therefore you cannot use CD drive. You cannot use the printer. And many other unnecessary drivers are not enabled.

While in Safe Mode, you can use the ScanDisk, defrag and other utility programs to repair your computer. You may wonder how to bring the computer to safe mode. When Windows boots up, you have to press the F8 key. You should press the F8 key before the windows screen appears. Then you can choose the safe mode option to boot.

Some Anti virus software will tell you that some viruses can only be removed in safe mode, therefore the antivirus software will automatically start in safe mode or you may have to goto safe mode and then run the virus removal utility to remove the virus.

Free Password Management software

To keep computer files, internet connections and other resources just to ourselves, we use passwords. Some people use the same password for everything. This is a very bad practice. Because if someone comes to know about this password then they will get access to all your resources. There fore it is essential to have different passwords for different purposes. But this poses another problem. It becomes very difficult to remember all these passwords. Some write these passwords in their diary or write on a small paper and keep it on their table. This too is a bad practice. Because it is easy for other people to get hold of this information when you are not around.

If you could keep all your password in a database and then encrypt this database and protect it with a password then all your passwords will be safe. Then you just need to remember this one password, so even if you forget other passwords you can still use this password to open the database and check the password.

You can use a free password management software such as ‘Password Safe‘. You can download password safe from http://sourceforge.net/ and install it in your computer. Then you will never have to remember many passwords.

To create a master password

When you open Password safe for the first time it will ask you for the ‘Safe combination’ which is nothing but the master password for your password database. The safe combination password should be long and contain both numbers and alphabets so that it is difficult to guess. If you give a simple and easy to guess password then password safe will warn you. Now key in the same password again in the ‘Verify’ box and click on ‘OK’.

To add passwords to Password Safe

Click on the ‘Add Entry’ button in Password Safe. In the new dialog box give ‘group name’ (optional) and the title name and then key in your username and password. In the ‘Notes’ section write anything you want to write about the account. Now click on ‘OK’ to add this information to password safe.

As mentioned in the above paragraph add all your passwords one by one. When you close password safe program it will ask you where you want to save this password database in your hard disk. This is only for the first time.

To retrieve the password

If you forgot the password for any file or program and you want to retrive the password from password safe then password safe will first ask you for the ‘master password’. After you give the master password the database will open.

Then click on the ‘title’ for which you want to know the password. Now click on the ‘Copy password to clipboard’ button. Now the password will be copied to the clip board. You can use Ctrl + V to paste it anywhere you want.

When you exit the password safe program, it will automatically clear the password from the clipboard for security reasons.

You can also edit the password if you want.

Shortcut function keys in excel

Here is a list of shortcut keys in Microsoft Excel.

1. F1: Opens a help task pane
2. F1 + Ctrl: Opens or closes the help window
3. F2: To edit the text in the active cell
4. F2 + Shift: To write a comment in the active cell
5. F2 + Alt: Opens the save as dialog box
6. F3 + Shift: opens the insert dialog box
7. F3 + Ctrl: Opens the define name dialog box
8. F3 + Shift + Ctrl:  Opens the create name dialog box
9. F4:  To redo the last command
10. F4 + Ctrl: To close the workbook window
11. F4 + Alt: To close the excel program
12. F5: Opens the Goto dialog box
13. F5 + Ctrl: brings back to the first level of workbook
14. F6: To shift between help taskbar and the excel window
15. F6 + Shift: To goto the previous square in the open worksheet
16. F6 + Ctrl: If more than one workbook is open to switch between them
17. F7: To open spelling correction window
18. F7 + Ctrl: When workbook window is not maximised it will move the window
19. F8: To activate / deactivate extended mode
20. F9: Will calculate all the worksheets in all open workbooks
21. F9 + Shift: Will calculate the active worksheet
22. F9 + Ctrl: To Minimise the workbook window
23. F10: Will select the menu bar
24. F10 + Ctrl: To open minimised window
25. F11: Will create a chart using the current range
26. F11 + Shift: To select a new worksheet
27. F11 + Alt: To switch between visual basic editor and the worksheet
28. F11 + Alt + Shift: Opens microsoft script editor
29. F12: Opens save as dialog box
30. F12 + Shift: Saves the active workbook
31. F12 + Ctrl: To open the Open dialog box
32. F12 + Ctrl + Shift: Opens the print dialog box

How to burn an iso file in mac?

So you downloaded an .iso or .dmg file, and now you want to burn it to CD or DVD on your Mac. Fear not! No extra software is required.

The delightfully useful Disk Utility built into OS X can burn disk images to optical media in a few easy steps. Read on for how to go about burning your new disc.

Windows users: You should check out the free ISO Recorder for similar functionality.

Launch Disk Utility (Applications > Utilities).
Insert your blank DVD or CD.
Drag and drop your .dmg or .iso file to the left pane in Disk Utility. Now both the blank disk and the .iso/.dmg should be listed.
Select the .iso/.dmg file you want to burn to disc, and click on the Burn button. A dialog box confirming the destination (your blank CD/DVD) will appear.

Sit back and wait while your new disc gets written!
All discs burned on the Mac work across platforms; you’ll notice in the screenshot that I’m burning the Ophcrack Live CD, which is obviously for use on Windows. This is a great way to back up software installation .dmg’s to optical disk to free up space on your Mac’s hard drive

Installing Windows XP Using A USB Flash Drive

Removable flash memory sticks are pretty much one of the most handy little pieces of technology to come along in the last couple of years. They come in various shapes and their storage size can range from a measly 128 MB to a whopping 32 GB. And you’re not restricted by what you are able to put onto these devices either. Which got me thinking today. I am regularly installing fresh copies of Windows onto new built PCs, so I look for any way to increase the speed at which my work gets done without compromising quality, of course.

So I thought, with the speed of flash drives today, it could be possible to install Windows XP onto those PCs in a much faster time than with optical media (CD/DVD). Plus with all the motherboards I use, I always make sure that the motherboards support booting from USB as it’s a very handy feature. So I decided to look into the various guides that can be found on the Internet. Originally meant for the EEEPC, I found a guide that I was able to understand. Because of the way it was written it took me longer than 10 minutes to understand the whole procedure and I’m sure the average geek would be completely confused before they had reached the second line, simply because of the total lack of explanation on the part of the guide’s creator for those who do not usually do this kind of thing.

Anyway, as with all guides, you have to realize that there is a certain amount of risk involved with the procedures I am about to give you details for and that you use this guide at your own risk; I will not be held accountable for any damages done to your hardware if something should go wrong. It will involve the use of the command prompt and it has the possibility of damaging your flash drive. Although I believe that the chances of that happening are quite slim, there is always the possibility, so I thought I would warn you before you decide if you’re going to use my guide. Now with the pleasantries out of the way, let’s get down to business. There is some preparation needed before we can start this procedure. First off you need to make sure you have the following available to you:

1. An unmodified, legal copy of Windows XP Home or XP Professional
2. USB memory stick (2 GB recommended – 1 GB minimum)
3. A motherboard that is capable of booting from a USB drive (check your motherboard manual if not sure)

As long as you have all three points above met, then you are ready to start. Just so you know, in this process your USB flash drive will be formatted, so do not use a USB that contains data vital to you. As for a motherboard that is capable of booting from a USB drive, most modern motherboards offer this as a standard feature. If your motherboard is less than two years old, chances are that the motherboard you have supports this feature.

Okay, now we have made sure that your computer is capable of installing XP from a USB disk. The next thing we need to do is to download and extract three tools that are going to help us in this procedure. You can find download links to these files below:

1. USB_Prep8
2. PEtoUSB
3. Bootsect

I suggest you download these files directly to the root of your hard drive. In other words save them to a folder on the same drive that contains your operating system — for most people this will be the C: drive. Once they are all downloaded, go ahead and extract PEtoUSB and USB_Prep8 to separate folders. Once this is done you should take the contents of the PEtoUSB folder and copy them into the USB_Prep8 folder. Once this is done, you should go back to the root of your drive and extract Bootsect to the root of the drive (program files and Windows folder is stored in this area). We do not need to worry about the Bootsect program for now, however that is simply preparation for later. And as another matter of preparation I suggest you insert your Windows XP CD, create a folder on the root of your drive, name it XP, and then copy the contents of your Windows XP CD into that folder as you will need these files soon.

Okay, now that all the preparation is out of the way, we’ll start the process. It will take on average about 20-25 minutes to complete this process depending, of course, on the speed of your PC and of the USB stick you are going to be using. I must warn you now that you should NOT close any of the windows generated by the programs I am showing you how to use until you reach the point in this guide when I tell you to do so. This is quite important because, if you happen to close any of the following windows, it is possible that you can screw up the procedure and you will have to start again. With that out of the way, as long as you follow the instructions below, everything will run smoothly.

1. Go into the folder named USB_Prep8 and double-click the following: (usb_prep8.cmd)
2. Make sure you select the newly created command prompt window and click any key to continue
3. A new program is started (PeToUSB). Do not change any of the settings; just click start and let it run
4. Once PeToUSB is finished, DO NOT CLOSE any of the windows the program created
5. Go to your start menu and click run if you’re using the classic start menu
6. Enter the following command into your run window: (CMD)]
7. Once you have run that command, a new window will appear with the words command prompt
8. Provided that you have used the file setup I suggested, input the following: ( cd \bootsect )
9. Type in the following: ( bootsect /nt52 :R ) Replace R with the drive letter of your USB drive
10. You will see the message (Bootcode was successfully updated on targeted volume) if it worked right
11. You may NOW close all the windows except for the window that was created when you ran USB_Prep8
12. Providing you closed all the right windows, the USB_Prep8 Window will now contain seven options
13. Press 1 on your keyboard — this will bring up a window. Locate your XP folder and highlight it. Click OK
14. Press 2 on your keyboard — the program will ask for a unused drive letter (example: T or Z)
15. Press 3 on your keyboard — the program will ask for your USB Stick drive letter; enter it now.
16. Press 4 on your keyboard to start the USB_Prep8 process
17. The program will ask you if it is OK to format a drive contained in the letter you gave in #14; click yes
18. The program will start to copy the needed files; be patient
19. The program will then ask you if you wish to copy these files to the USB stick; click yes.
20. Finally, once it has finished copying the files, it will ask you if you want to make the stick the preferred boot drive. Click yes, after which it will ask if you wish to un-mount the USB stick. Click yes

And that’s all there is to it. The USB flash drive is now ready to install XP to any hardware that is supported by the Windows XP CD. However there are some minor differences to installing Windows XP this way than if you would with an optical drive, which I am going to go into. Of course, as I have said before, the speed at which Windows XP installs is MUCH faster when installing using a USB stick than if you were using an optical drive (CD/DVD). But the speed comes at the price of you needing to pay a little more attention to the install itself. Now from this point on, I am going to assume that your motherboard does in fact support booting from USB and that you have gone into your BIOS and have set the USB flash drive as the first drive to be booted from (make sure the flash drive is connected before you turn power on — it helps). I cannot give a generic answer to where that option is in your BIOS; I suggest you look up in your motherboard’s documentation.

Providing it boots from the USB flash drive, you will now be shown two options. One with the words GUI and one with the words Text Mode. Choose the Text Mode option first. Now you will see what you normally would see during a CD install of XP. Just follow the on-screen instructions as always. One note is that, if you need to create a new partition for your new Windows XP installation, once the partition is fully formatted, instantly turn off the PC as the install will need to be restarted so the flash drive can recognize the layout of your partitions correctly. Follow the instructions below:

1. Create a new partition and format it as normal
2. Once the partition is formatted, restart your PC and when the options come up again choose Text Mode
3. Highlight the newly formatted partition, press enter, move down to make no changes, and press enter

Okay, now after that all goes through and the PC restarts, simply chose the GUI option on the menu and let the Windows XPinstall go along as it would normally do. I must advise that you DO NOT REMOVE the USB stick until you’re actually past the setup stage. Once you have just booted into Windows XP for the first time, you can go ahead and remove the USB stick. Congratulations! You have just installed Windows XP without the need for a CD/DVD drive.

The benefits of installing from USB are plentiful and, providing you take the time to follow the instructions above, you need never worry about scratching your Windows XP CD again. I hope that the time I spent writing this guide will help you all to decrease the amount of time you spend having to install Windows XP when you have to. Peace!

How to improve your Wireless internet and network connection?

Microsoft Windows gives you a notification whenever your wireless network has a weak signal. This is a sign that you should improve your wireless network. When you get this notification, it means that the wireless connection is not as reliable or high-speed as it's supposed to be. In fact, the wireless connection signal may be completely lost in certain areas of the house. If you would like to improve your wireless network signal, you should carry out a few of these tips. These tips will extend the wireless range. They will also improve the overall performance as well as reliability of the wireless network.

Re-position the wireless router (or wireless access point) to the centre of the house.

Place the router away from walls.

Place the router off the floor.  

Place the router away from metal objects.

Instead of using a standard antenna which you get with the router, use a hi-gain one. If the standard router is placed by an outer wall, part of the wireless signals will be directed outside the house. This will also waste the power of the router. Hi-gain antennas send the wireless signals in a single specific direction which you are able to aim on the path where you need them a large amount.

Replace your laptop or computer's wireless network adapter with a USB network adaptor. It uses an external antenna that improves the range of the signals. (Laptops which have built-in wireless normally contain outstanding antennas. They do not usually require to be upgraded.)
Add a wireless repeater to extend the signal range.

Change the wireless router's channel to increase the strength of its signal. You can do that through the configuration page of the router. The computer will detect the new channel itself.

Reduce wireless interference by avoiding wireless electronics which use the 2.4GHz frequency. You should use cordless phones which use the 900MHz or 5.8GHz frequencies.
Update your firmware updates for your router through the manufacturer's website. Update your network adapter driver through the Windows Update feature of Windows 7 and Vista or visit the website www.update.microsoft.com for Windows XP.
Upgrade 802.11b devices to 802.11g or buy a new 802.11 g equipment.  It is five times faster than an 802.11b device.

How to Secure a Wireless Network from Hackers?

The reason we secure a wireless network is to stop people from using the services of our network who don't have permission to utilize them. It is harder to secure a wireless network from hackers as compared to a classic wired network. This is due to the fact that a wireless network can be accessed anywhere inside the range of its antenna.

In order to secure a wireless network from hackers, we should take proper steps to save ourselves against security issues. If you don't secure a wireless network from hackers, you might end up without its service. The consequence might also include the utilization of our network to attack further networks. To secure a wireless network from hackers, you should follow these simple wireless networking tips:

1.       Strategic antenna placement:

The first thing you have to do is to position the access point's antenna in a place which restricts the range of its signal to go further than the required area. You should not put the antenna close to a window because glass can't obstruct its signals. Place it in a central location of the building.

Use WEP:

WEP stands for Wireless encryption protocol.  It's a customary technique for encrypting traffic on a wireless network. You should never skip it as that will allow hackers to get instant access to the traffic over a wireless network.

3.       Change the SSID, disable the broadcast of SSID:

SSID stands for service set identifier.  It is the recognition thread utilized by the wireless access point due to which the customers are capable of starting connections. For every wireless access point arranged, select an exclusive as well as unique SSID. Also, if it's attainable, hold back the broadcast of the SSID out over the antenna. It won\t appear in the listing of offered networks, while being able to provide services as usual.

4.       Disable DHCP:

By doing this, the hackers will have to decode the TCP/IP parameters, subnet mask as well as the IP address in order to hack your wireless network.

5.       Disable or modify SNMP settings:

Change the private as well as public community settings of SNMP. You can also just disable it. Otherwise the hackers will be able to utilize SNMP to get significant info regarding your wireless network.

6.       Utilize access lists:

For additional security of your wireless network, and if your access point support this feature, employ an access list. An access list lets us determine precisely which machinery is permitted to attach to an access point. The access points which include the access list can employ trivial file transfer protocol (TFTP) now and then in order to download modernized lists to steer clear of hackers.

combine two internet conncetions to get higspeed

1. Download Wingate:-

Download trial of Wingate from
http://www.wingate.com/download.php / from http://www.wingate.com/product-wingate.php

Or You can Download Cr@cked Version

http://rapidshare.com/files/2741622/WinGate_6.0.4_with_key_crack.zip

2. Install Wingate:-

2. 1 After running the install exe, read and click "I agree" on End user license agreement.

2. 2 From the first window, select "Configure this Computer as the Wingate Server"




2. 3 Click Next on the two windows displayed. Select the folder where you want to install and then click next

2. 4 If you would like to use your Windows User accounts for Wingate as well, enable the option "Use the operating system (Windows) user database".




2. 5 Select "Install ENS (recommended)", and click next.If you have a Firewall installed, you can disable Wingate's firewall by changing "Extended Networking" settings, in "Services" tab of Wingate Gatekeeper window.

2. 6Enable or disable the Auto update feature of Wingate according to your convenience (I personally recommend enabling it).



2. 7 Click on Activate button (make sure you are connected to internet). Then click next on the displayed window.



2. 8 If you've purchased a license already, click Activate a license key, or to use a 30-day trial, click Request a trial for any product.



2. 9 Once you've received confirmation of new license key, click Next and then click Finish.

2. 10Click Next to start the Installation. After Install process completes, you might get a window asking if you want to run the Wingate Engine, Select Yes. 

3. Configure Wingate:-

3. 1 If Wingate Engine is not running after step 2. 10, Go to Start > Programs > Wingate > Start Wingate Engine.

3. 2 If you see two computer icons in taskbar (other than your internet connection icon), double click on it. Otherwise go to Start > Programs > Wingate > Wingate VPN Manager.

3. 3 If you want to use a separate username and password to access Wingate, enter it here. If not, then click ok (Make sure the two checkboxes shown in screenshot are checked).



3. 4 When the window "Gatekeeper" opens, click on the "Services" tab located on bottom left side of window. Delete (click on the service name, press DEL on your keyboard and click yes on confirmation box) all the listings on the left tab EXCEPT "WWW Proxy service".

3. 5 Double click "WWW Proxy service" from the left tab. Enter the name and description of service if you want to, and then Port number in the field "Service Port" (eg. 1111, 2121 etc, it is better if you don't use system ports like 80, 21, 22 due to security). If you intend to setup two or more Proxy services, make sure the port number is unique to every service.




3. 6 Select "Bindings" in the Configuration tab, uncheck the box "Bind to any IP address on any internal adapter" but leave the other box checked "Bind only to 127. 0. 0. 1 on MS TCP Loopback interface".




3. 7 Select "Gateways" in the Configuration tab, in the "Connection Scheme" listbox, choose "Use all specified connections in rotation", and click "Add".



3. 8 In the new box "Gateways Policy", click on the first connection name you will use once, expand the selection by clicking on the "+", then expand "Gateways" and "Source IP address", and make sure that "Any gateway" and "Any IP address" are checked already. Disable "Dial this connection if it is not connected", and click Ok.

Note: If the connection you are selecting always has a static IP Address and/or gateway, you can change gateways and Source IP Address settings accordingly, though the method described in 3. 8 will still work.

3. 9 The first connection you just selected will be displayed in the gateways section now, repeat step 3. 8 to add more connections to combine. Once finished, click "Apply" and then "Ok". If a dialogue box appears stating "The original service has been changed by another user. Would you like to update the service with your changes?", click Yes.


4. Using the new Proxy Service:-

First connect all the connections you want to use (and added as gateways in step 3. 8) .


To use multiple connections at the same time, you will need to setup proxy configuration for all the applications that access internet. Use "127. 0. 0. 1" as the IP Address and the Port number you used in step 3. 5 (eg 1111, 2121 etc). Here's a quick guide to setup this in Flashget and Firefox:


4. 1 Configuring proxy settings in Firefox.
+ Click on Tools > Options.
+ Select "Advanced" tab, then select Network tab.
+ In the "Connection" group, select "Settings"
+ Click "Manual Proxy configuration"
+ Enter "127. 0. 0. 1" in "Http Proxy" field, and the port number you used in step 3. 5 in "Port" field. Click Ok.
4. 2 Configuring proxy settings in Internet Download Manager.
+ Click on Downloads > Options.
+ Select "Proxy" tab.
+ Enter "127. 0. 0. 1" in "Http Proxy" field, and the port number you used in step 3. 5 in "Port" field. Click Ok. 


5. Tips:-

+ If you want to browse while downloading a file, you can setup two Proxy services in Wingate (on DIFFERENT PORTS), and use one proxy for Download Manager and the other for Web Browser. Just remember to use the specific ports.
+ If you don't setup Proxy settings for the application you are using, the latest connected connection will be used, while all the other will stay idle.
+ When downloading files with a Download Manager, use at least 2-4 connections (or parts) per internet connection your proxy service is using.
+ If you want to apply these settings on a server of a Local area network, don't uncheck "Bind to any IP address on any internal adapter" in step 3. 6

6. Problems 'n' Solutions:-

+ A problem I encountered frequently, was that when downloading a file through Flashget one of the two connections becomes Idle. To solve this, just pause the download, and then resume again. This also gets fixed if one download is completed, and the next started.

+ If even after setting up you can't get to utilize all the connections, try these solutions:

1. Close Gatekeeper, stop Wingate Engine, close Wingate VPN monitor, end the "wingate. exe" process from Windows Task Manager. And then Run Wingate again.

2. Restart Windows.

3. Delete the proxy profiles or settings in your applications (Download manager, Web Browser etc), and then set it again.

4. If your computer restarted while Wingate was running, WWW Proxy Service settings sometimes get deleted. Set them again. 

airtel 3g hacked

Its now time for other operators to show their colors on 3G. In our previous post we had postedthe speed test review of Tata Docomo 3G services, courtesy goes to one of our readers.This time another reader of our named Mr. Vikram Nigam who hails from New Delhi has tested his Airtel 3G connection.Let¡¯s see what it has in store for us Mr. Nigam tested his connection in the evening by using his Huawei HSDPA 3G Data Card then he tried it out on his mobile handset Nokia N78.Following are the observations 

1. The Airtel 3G network is very weak as you will see in screenshot, speed is not is up to the mark.

2. Also the network drops more on mobile as compared to that ofon HSPDA data card the transfer speed fluctuated many times.

3.Airtel 3G speed test was done using the apn airtelgprs.com,using Rs.98 gprs plan which gives 2GB free data for 30 days.

4.While testing the constant speed received was on average about 600kbps, please be noted that the maximum speed was upto 1.17Mbps.

5. From 1st November onwards Mr Nigam was getting 3G network of Airtel 3G whenever But he wasn¡¯t able to get it locked.

6. On 8th November 2010 it was automatically locked at around 9p.m. on Huawei data card.


Please note:-The test was performed using Airtel 3G test signal so speed might differ and fluctuation might be caused due to test signal,actual speed may vary.











He was unable to test any other services like Video Streaming, Gaming etc as he is not quite sure on how to access them.If anyone has more info on it please post a comment here.

iDea free Gprs.

unlock idea net setter 2010 working try 3g internet with new hack i am going to release

Idea's 3G compatible network supports General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), which allows you to access Internet
websites and information portals on your mobile, making it possible to stay informed and remain truly connected in this
dynamically changing and competitive environment. Gone are the days when connecting to a website from the mobile took
as long as 2 - 3 minutes. GPRS compatible handsets ensure that as a user, you are "always on". There is no need for a dial
up connection or any ISP connection.

The HUAWEI E1550 3G Modem is locked by company,SO i create guide & collect some tools to unlock modem, so that you can use any
sim in this eg bsnl,airtel,vodafone etc.Follow the steps in order to sucessfully unlock your idea netsetter.

Click on the image to see the actual size of the screenshots

STEPS:

1. Insert Your Default sim(which you got with modem) and run E155Xupdate_11-608_02.00.B418.exe



2. Accept the terms and click Next


3. Wait until the installer looks for inserted Data card


4. If the search is sucessfull then the device details will be listed as shown below.Click next to continue.



5. Click start to continue installing.



6. If the installer asks for password then open huwei unloker.exe



7. Enter the imei number of your modem and click unlock(IMEI number can be obtained below the sim card slot of the modem)



8. Copy the FLASH NO (Network Unlock Code) and enter it as the password






9.The installer will continue..



10. Wait until all the process finish.



11. It will take some time to compleate


12. After the firmware upgrade Installer will display as shown below


13. Now again run this setup. This time not required Password (Flash code)
14. Accept the agreement and click next



15. The device will search for inserted data card



16. The search may take some time to compleate.



17. The installer will show details of the device as shown below. click next to continue.




18.Click start on the next step.



19. Wait until the Installation is compleated


20.The installer will display as shown below if the installation is successful.



21. Click finish to continue.


22. Now install Mobile Partner



23. Insert any sim and open mobile partner then it will ask for Pin code. Now put wrong code 3 time than it ask PUK code(call customer care to confirm your PUK code and enter it there).

24. After insert PUK code Its show signal…yo u hack modem.

25. Now make a new profile.